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China's urbanization

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CHINA's

URBANIZATION

China’s urbanization over the past three decades is a massive phenomenon of scale and speed. In the 1980’s, in a very much “different” China, there were less than 200 million of “urban” population (a fifth of the total population). However, by 2011, 700 million (half of the total population) leave in urban areas, marking the ever largest population movement in the history of mankind. In 2012, China and EU have signed a cooperation partnership to for jointly addressing the challenges of urbanization.

HOUKOU Urbanization in China is controlled by the hukou system, a household registration system introduced in 1958. The hukou system legally ties migrant workers to their rural home and was designed to keep rural residents working on the farm.

In February 2010, the ministry issued the "National Urban System Plan" and designated five major cities as Nationalcentral cities

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40 trillion yuan at least would be required for total investment in urbanization

120 million hectares of agricultural land, mark the «red line», for the Country being able to feed itself.

2011-2015 is the enforcement period of China’s 12th Five Year Plan which explicitly calls for more urbanization and supports the emergence of giant megacities.

36 million units of social subsidized housing would be built in China by 2015 as centralgovernment declared in 2011.

If 400 million people are added to the nation’s urban population in the next 10 years and each new urban resident requires 100,000 yuan ($16,130) in fixed-asset investments

30 years with extension option is the lease period of rural land parts which belongs to the collective to farmers.

Landin China is divided into  types: urban and rural

25% China has to feed 25% of the world population

7% China has only 7% of planet’s arable land.

Urban

70 years is the lease duration of urban land which is owned by the state to developers, enterprizes and private owners

Rural

51%

During the last three decades, the Chinese urban population expanded by nearly 500 million- the equivalent of adding USA, UK, France and Italy

During these 30 years, China’s Urbani-zation rate has increased to 51%

1980/200 million people approximately lived in cities.

2011/691 million people lived in cities, taking China’s urbanization ratio to 51% and making China.

The proportion of people cycling to work in Beijing, fall from 75% in 1986 to 18% in 2010.

China has around 700 small cities with populations bellow 1.5 million.

Urban residents spend nearly 4 times than rural residents. In 2010 rural residents spent US$600 per year.

The cost for extending the urban benefits and welfare to 300 million migrant workers, will be around US$ 230billion or 3,8% of 2010 GDP

20 million new inhabitants must be absorbed every year by China’s cities

2020 is the year by which 10 million rural residents (the population of Greece) will have been moved into cities as Chongqing plans.

60.000 bicycles available at 2200 rental points constitute the world biggest public bicycle rental scheme, established in Hangzhou.

1,25 million USD (Rmb8million) is the least amount for enterpreneurs that have to invest in company creation in Beijing to be granted hukou.

Only 20% of Chinese cities meet the WHO standards for Sulphur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide, while almost no city meets the standards for particulates.

China cities emit 75% of the country’s greenhouse gases.

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